Let me quickly explain each of these with a simple example. In absolute reference, you use the dollar sign in twice in a reference (such as $C$3). In mixed references, you use the dollar sign ($) only once (such as $C3 or C$3) In relative references, you don’t use a dollar ($) sign in the references at all. There are three types of references in Excel:
Press F4 four times – C2 will change back to C2. 
Press F4 three times – C2 will change to $C2.
Press F4 two times – C2 will change to C$2. Press F4 one time – C2 will change to $C$2. You will notice that it will change the reference by adding/removing the $ sign (based on what’s the original reference).įor example, suppose you have the reference C2 in a cell. To use this shortcut, simply place the cursor on the cell reference where you want to add the dollar sign and press is once. You can either do it manually (i.e., go into the edit mode in a cell by double-clicking on it or using F2, placing the cursor where you want the $ sign and then typing it manually). There are two ways you can add the $ sign to a cell reference in Excel. Shortcut to add $ Sign to Cell References Now you can use the dollar ($) sign in three different ways, which means that there are three types of references on Excel. When you use a $ sign before the cell reference (such as $C$2), you’re telling Excel to keep referring to cell C3 even when you copy and paste the formula. What if you want to copy the formula, but don’t want the cell reference to change? This is called relative reference where the references adjust based on the cell in which it has been applied.īut what if you don’t want some cells to adjust the reference? While in the formula in cell C2 refers to A2 and B2, the one in C3 refers to A3 and B3. You can see that the formula adjusts the references when I copy and paste it. 
One of the things that make Excel such a powerful tool is the ability to refer to cells/ranges and use these in formulas.Īnd when you copy these formulas, these cell references can adjust automatically (or should I say automatically).īelow is an example where I copy the cell C2 (which has a formula) and paste it in C3. Shortcut to add $ Sign to Cell References.
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